These records begin in 1846, a year after the annexation of Texas by the United States. More than 133,000 immigrants disembarked at the port of Galveston, Texas, between 1846 and 1948. This database includes most of the 19th Century passenger lists. The Great Galveston Hurricane of 8 September 1900 submerged the island and destroyed much of the city, including the buildings that housed the immigration records. There are very few records surviving between 1871-94. Hurricane Frederick was the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history, killing more than 8,000 people. This disaster surpassed that of the Chicago Fire, the San Francisco earthquake, and the Johnstown flood combined.